Kazakhstan is my motherland топик с переводом. Экскурсия по казахстану. Столица и население

Kazakhstan, officially Republic of Kazakhstan, has the population of 15,186,000 people and territory 2,719,500 sq km, is situated in central Asia. It borders on Siberian Russia in the north, China in the east, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the south, and the Caspian Sea and European Russia in the west. Astana is the capital and Almaty (Alma-Ata) is the largest city. Other major cities include Shymkent, Semey, Aqtobe, and Oskemen.

Kazakhstan consists of a vast flatland, bordered by a high mountain belt in the southeast. It extends from the lower Volga and the Caspian Sea in the west to the Altai Mts. in the east. It is largely lowland in the north and west, hilly in the center (Kazakh Hills), and mountainous in the south and east (Tian Shan and Altai ranges). Kazakhstan is a region of inland drainage; the Syr Darya, the Ili, the Chu, and other rivers drain into the Aral Sea and Lake Balkash. Most of the region is desert or has limited and irregular rainfall.

The population of Kazakhstan consists mainly of Muslim Kazakhs and Russians; there are smaller minorities of Ukrainians, Germans, Uzbeks, and Tatars. Kazakh, a Turkic language, is the official tongue, but Russian is still widely used.

Despite Kazakhstan’s largely arid conditions, its vast steppes accommodate both livestock and grain production. Wheat, cotton, sugar beets, and tobacco are the main crops. The raising of cattle and sheep is also important, and Kazakhstan produces much wool and meat. In addition, there are rich fishing grounds, famous for their caviar-producing sturgeon, in the Caspian, although these have been hurt by overfishing.

The Kazakh Hills in the core of the region have important mineral resources. Coal is mined at Qaraghandy and Ekibastuz, and there are major oil fields in the Emba basin. The country’s industries are located along the margins of the country. Steel, agricultural and mining machinery, superphosphate fertilizers, phosphorus acids, artificial fibers, synthetic rubber, textiles, and medicines are among the manufactured goods. Temirtau is the iron and steel center. The Baikonur (Bayqongyr) Cosmodrome in central Kazakhstan was the Soviet space-operations center and continues to serve Russian space exploration through an agreement between the two nations. The main trading partners are Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.

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Kazakhstan is a sovereign state. In December 1991 Kazakhstan declared its independence. Kazak government pursues the policy of friendship and national accord. Historically Kazakhstan has developed as a multinational state. According to the constitution adopted in 1995 every nationality can develop its culture in Kazakhstan. All people of Kazakhstan have equal rights and duties. Both industry and agriculture are developing here. Nowadays many private firms and joint ventures appear. Kazakhstan has established diplomatic relations with seventy countries of the world. President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev is highly respected not only in this country but abroad as well because he is an honest and intelligent statesman.

The most important industrial centres are Karaganda, Pavlodar, Zhezkazgan, Taraz. Our country is rich in mineral resources and minerals. Copper, iron, zinc, lead, coal are mined in Kazakhstan. Now the aim of independent Kazakhstan is to become the country of high technology.

Kazakhstan is good for a place of useful health resorts. People can improve their health at the resorts in Kostanay, Kokshetau, Almaty. They say that Kokshetau is "Kazak Switzerland" because its nature is beautiful and climate is mild. Kazak people are friendly and open-hearted.

Almaty is the cultural, Scientific, economic and transport centre of Kazakhstan. This is one of the most beautiful cities of Asia. The city has a mild climate. Summer in Almaty lasts from May till September with the average temperature of 22 degrees in July. Winter is not very cold with the average temperature of 8 degrees below zero in January.

The city was founded in 1854. Till 1921 it was named Verny. In 1929 Almaty became the capital of the Kazak Socialist Republic. Almaty was the capital of independent Kazakhstan till November 1997. Nowadays the city has seven theatres, many cinemas, hundreds of clubs, libraries and other cultural and educational centres. The most important theatres are the Kazak State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre named after Abai and the Kazak State Academic Drama Theatre named after M.Auesov. The city also has the Russian, Uigur, Korean theatres and many other troupes.

Verny had only one gymnasium. Now in Almaty there are 185 schools of general education, a lot of technical secondary schools and Universities. Almaty is a University city. Young people from different places og Kazakhstan come to study here.

Almaty is situated at the food of the Ala-Tau montains. The climate is very favourable for gardening. Everybody in kazakstan knows the world famous apples "aport". The citizens of Almaty are proud of the well known skating-rink "Medeo". It is equipped with all modern sport facilities. The most important competition are held there.

Almaty is the city of kind and hospitable people. It is a great pleasure to visit it.

Kazakhstan, officially Republic of Kazakhstan, has the population of 15,186,000 people and territory 2,719,500 sq km, is situated in central Asia. It borders on Siberian Russia in the north, China in the east, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the south, and the Caspian Sea and European Russia in the west. Astana is the capital and Almaty is the largest city. Other major cities include Shymkent, Semey, Aqtobe, and Oskemen.

Kazakhstan consists of a vast flatland, bordered by a high mountain belt in the southeast. It extends from the lower Volga and the Caspian Sea in the west to the Altai Mts. in the east. It is largely lowland in the north and west, hilly in the center, and mountainous in the south and east. Kazakhstan is a region of inland drainage; the Syr Darya, the Ili, the Chu, and other rivers drain into the Aral Sea and Lake Balkash. Most of the region is desert or has limited and irregular rainfall.

Superphosphate fertilizers, phosphorus acids, artificial fibers, synthetic rubber, textiles, and medicines are among the manufactured goods. Temirtau is the iron and steel center. The Baikonur Cosmodrome in central Kazakhstan was the Soviet space-operations center and continues to serve Russian space exploration through an agreement between the two nations. The main trading partners are Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.

Казахстан

Казахстан, официально Республика Казахстан, имеет население 15186000 людей и территорию 2719500 кв км. Страна находится в Центральной Азии и граничит с Россией на севере, с Китаем на востоке, Кыргызстаном, Узбекистаном и Туркменистаном на юге, Каспийским морем и Европейской частью России на западе. Астана является столицей, а Алматы является самым крупным городом. Другие крупные города включают Шымкент, Семей, Актобе и Оскемен.

Казахстан состоит из огромной равнины, которая граничит с поясом гор на юго-востоке. Она простирается от низовьев Волги и Каспийского моря на западе до Алтая на востоке страны. Это в основном низменности на севере и западе, холмы – в центре, а горы – на юге и востоке. Казахстан является регионом внутреннего дренажа; Сырдарья, Или, Чу и другие реки впадают в Аральское море и озеро Балхаш. Большая часть региона является пустыней или имеет ограниченное и нерегулярное выпадение осадков.

Населения Республики Казахстан состоит в основном из мусульманских казахов и русских; меньшинства – украинцы, немцы, узбеки, татары. Казахский, тюркский язык, является официальным языком, но русский язык до сих пор широко используется.

Несмотря на в значительной степени засушливые условия Казахстана, его обширные степи аккумулируют животноводство и производство зерна. Пшеница, хлопок, сахарная свекла, табак – основные сельскохозяйственные культуры. Выращивание крупного рогатого скота и овец также имеет важное значение, и Казахстан производит много шерсти и мяса. Кроме того, есть богатые рыбные запасы, он славится производством икры осетра в Каспийском море, хотя они и пострадали в результате перелова.

Казахская возвышенность – основной регион добычи важных полезных ископаемых. Уголь добывается в Караганде и Экибастусе, а также есть крупные нефтяные месторождения в бассейне Эмбы. Промышленность страны расположена вдоль границ страны. Сталь, сельскохозяйственная и горнодобывающая техника, удобрения, суперфосфаты, фосфорные кислоты, искусственные волокна, синтетический каучук, текстильные изделия и лекарственные средства представляют промышленные товары. Темиртау является центром черной металлургии. Байконур в центральной части Казахстана был Советским центром космических операций и продолжает служить для освоения космоса России на основе соглашения между двумя странами. Основными торговыми партнерами являются Россия, Украина и Узбекистан.

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Kazakhstan

Almaty is the city of kind and hospitable people. It is a great pleasure to visit it.

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